Alcohol is classified under which category of drugs?

Alcohol is classified as a depressant, which refers to substances that slow down the function of the central nervous system. This classification is based on the way alcohol affects brain activity and bodily functions. When consumed, alcohol can produce calming effects, reduce anxiety, and impair motor coordination and judgment. These effects are characteristic of depressants, which can inhibit or slow down communication between the brain and the body.

In contrast, stimulants increase activity in the central nervous system and can elevate mood and energy levels, while hallucinogens primarily affect an individual's perception and can cause visual or auditory hallucinations. Opioids are a specific class of drugs derived from opium, used primarily for pain relief, but they have a different mechanism of action compared to alcohol. Thus, the classification of alcohol as a depressant is pivotal in understanding its impacts on health and behavior.